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This species occurs along the southern Pacific slope of Costa Rica and adjacent western Panama, and on the Azuero Peninsula and the Isla Coiba, Panama. It occurs up to 880m asl.

In Costa Rica, this species turns up occasionally on surveys, but it is uncommon. There is very little information from Panama, where it might be declining.

It inhabits humid lowland and premontane forest, where it requires pristine habitat. It is nocturnal and arboreal and lives in bromeliads. It breeds by direct development and is not dependent upon water.

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There is some habitat loss due to agriculture (crops and livestock) and clear cutting.

• 2.1.3 Agro-industry farming
• 2.2.2 Agro-industry plantations
• 2.2.1 Small-holder plantations
• 2.1.1 Shifting agriculture
• 2.3.3 Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming
• 2.3.2 Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming
• 5.3.5 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
• 2.1.2 Small-holder farming

It occurs in Parque Nacional Coiba in Panama and in Parque Nacional Corcovada in Costa Rica.

• 2.1 Site/area management
• 1.1 Site/area protection

Listed as Vulnerable because its Extent of Occurrence is less than 20,000 km2, its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its forest habitat in Costa Rica and Panama.

• Brame, A.H. and Wake, D.B. 1963. Redescription of the plethodontid salamander Bolitoglossa lignicolor (Peters), with remarks on the status of B. palustris Taylor. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington: 289-296.
• García-París, M., Good, D.A., Parra-Olea, G. and Wake, D.B. 2000. Biodiversity of Costa Rican salamanders: implications of high levels of genetic differentiation and phylogeographic structure for species formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA: 1640-1647.
• García-París, M., Parra-Olea, G. and Wake, D.B. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within the lowland tropical salamanders of the Bolitoglossa mexicana complex (Amphibia: Plethodontidae). In: Bruce, R.C., Jaeger, R.G. and Houck, L.D. (eds), The Biology of Plethodontid Salamanders, pp. 199-214. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York.
• Ibáñez, R., Solís, F., Jaramillo, C. and Rand, S. 2000. An overwiew of the herpetology of Panama. In: J.D. Johnson, R.G. Webb and O.A. Flores-Villela (eds), Mesoamerican Herpetology: Systematics, Zoogeography and Conservation, pp. 159-170. The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas.
• Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna between two Continents, between two Seas. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
• Wake, D.B. 1987. Adaptive radiation of salamanders in Middle American cloud forests. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 74: 242-264.
• Young, B., Sedaghatkish, G., Roca, E. and Fuenmayor, Q. 1999. El Estatus de la Conservación de la Herpetofauna de Panamá: Resumen del Primer Taller Internacional sobre la Herpetofauna de Panamá. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia.